Mesothelioma is a form of cancer which occurs in thin membranes (called the mesothelium) lining the chest, lungs, abdomen and sometimes the heart. Although quite rare, mesothelioma symptoms strike more than 200 people each year in the United States. The majority of mesothelioma cases are directly linked to asbestos exposure.
Because of the long latency period of mesothelioma, the average age of patients is between 50 and 70 years. Mesothelioma affects men most due to the high exposure of asbestos in industrial typed jobs. Mesothelioma symptoms include respiratory problems, shortness of breath, continual cough and pneumonia. Other mesothelioma symptoms include weight loss, abdominal problems and swelling. In some mesothelioma patients, the mesothelioma symptoms are quite muted, making it hard for mesothelioma doctors to diagnose.
Mesothelioma doctors specialize in the study, research, and treatments of Mesothelioma cancers.
Mesothelioma (or the cancer of the mesothelium) is a disease in which cells become abnormal and replicate without control. During Mesothelioma, these cells will invade and damage tissues and organs. Mesothelioma cancer cells can spread throughout the body causing death.
Mesothelioma treatments and Mesothelioma clinical trials and tests
There are many mesothelioma treatment options available. Treatments include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy and the mesothelioma treatment depends on the patient’s age, general health and stage of the cancer. There has been much mesothelioma research conducted throughout the past two years to find new treatment methods. Click here to read more about mesothelioma treatment techniques.
Through mesothelioma research, The National Cancer Institute has sponsored mesothelioma tests and clinical trials that are designed to find new treatment methods. Because of the increase in number of mesothelioma cases in the United States, both governments have increased funding for mesothelioma research. Mesothelioma research and clinical trials have been successful in developing new techniques to fight this cancer and the outlook for more advanced mesothelioma treatments is promising.
Surgery is the most common treatment method for malignant mesothelioma. Tissues and linings affected by mesothelioma are removed by the doctor and may include the lung or even diaphragm.
A second mesothelioma treatment method is radiation therapy through the use of high energy x-rays that kill the cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be outside or inside the body.
A third mesothelioma treatment method is chemotherapy. Through pills or drugs through needles, chemotherapy drugs are used to kill cancer cells.
A new mesothelioma treatment method is called intraoperative photodynamic therapy. In this treatment, light and drugs are used to kill cancer cells during surgery for early stages of mesothelioma in the chest. Although there are numerous treatments and drugs for mesothelioma, doctors are losing the battle against this deadly disease. Most mesothelioma treatments involve old techniques combined with different drug cocktails. However, in most cases, these mesothelioma treatments have many side effects including organ damage, nausea, increase in heart failure etc. The rush to find a more effective mesothelioma treatment or even cure is ongoing at numerous clinical labs across the nation. Let's hope that the mesothelioma treatments will one day erradicate mesothelioma cancer and asbestosis.
With an abundance of information on the Internet, Mesothelioma Cancer and Asbestos ([http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com]) has consolidated the most important issues surrounding Mesothelioma, Mesothelioma doctors and symptoms, Mesothelioma treatment, Mesothelioma research and tests.
At [http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com], the website contains useful resources on Mesothelioma lawyers and attorneys, as well as causes by asbestos exposure, asbestos removal, asbestos attorneys and lawsuits, and asbestos cancer. Patients stricken by Mesothelioma and their families require support and current information. Mesothelioma Online Resources hopes to educate and give hope to survivors and victims.
Mesothelioma is such a harsh disease. Not only does it take years for symptoms to appear, but there are limited treatements and drugs that will prolong the lives of workers stricken with mesothelioma. In many cases, the death rate of mesothelioma is unfortunately very high. However, with increased funding in mesothelioma research through the government and private grants, the outlook for a mesothelioma cure is quite possible. In the meantime, mesothelioma support groups and local discussions provide the ongoing support for mesothelioma patients.
Mesothelioma Cancer and Asbestos ([http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com])is your source for mesothelioma and asbestos information, treatments, clinical trials, attorneys, support groups and lawyers.
About the website: Michael Kenneth is a successful Internet Publisher and has researched and written on many topics for [http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com] - your complete source for mesothelioma information, mesothelioma attorneys and lawyers, mesothelioma treatments and research, asbestos exposure and removal, asbestos attorneys and legislation as well as asbestos cancer.
Untuk menghitung kebutuhan dari bahan material bangunan, bisa didapatkan berdasarkan masing – masing barang atau item pekerjaan yang akan dilakukan. Sebagai contoh, pengerjaan dinding batu bata membutuhkan perincian tentang pemasangan batu bata, plesteran, acian dan juga pengecatan. Pada setiap item pekerjaan juga perlu mencari berapakah volumenya. Setelah itu, langkah selanjutnya adalah menganalisa data harga dari satuan bangunan, yang bertujuan untuk melihat presentase dari penggunaan material dalam satuan m1, m2 atau m3.
Data ini bisa didapatkan dengan menganalisa BOW, SNI analisa harga satuan ataupun membuat sebuah analisa sendiri yang didasari penelitian dan juga pengalaman pada saat pelaksanaannya. Untuk lebih detailnya, silahkan simak penjelasan berikut dibawah ini.
Data menghitung kebutuhan material bangunan
• Pekerjaan apakah yang akan dikerjakan?
• Rincian kegiatan apa saja yang terdapat dalam pekerjaan tersebut?
• Berapakah volume dari item pekerjaan tersebut?
• Membuat data analisa yang bisa didapatkan dari SNI (Standar Nasional Indonesia), analisa BOW, standar dari perusahaan atau dengan membuat analisa sendiri
• Analisa harga satuan dikalikan dengan volume untuk memperoleh jumlah material yang diperlukan.
• Menambahkan hasil akhir perhitungan dengan safety factor / material yang terbuang / angka keamanan yang berguna untuk mengantisipasi kekurangan material.
• Membeli bahan bangunan di toko bangunan
Rumus material bangunan
Perhitungan bahan bangunan yang dibuthkan untuk pelaksanaan pekerjaan dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus dibawah ini
Kmb = Vp x kms
• Kmb = Kebutuhan dari material bangunan
• Vp = Volume pekerjaan
• Kms = Kebutuhan material persatuannya
Contoh menghitung kebutuhan dari material bangunan
Sebagai contoh, anda akan memasang dinding batu bata dengan ukuran lebar 6 m dan ketinggian 3 m. Berapakah jumlah batu bata dengan ukuran 5 cm x 10 cm x 20 cm yang dibutuhkan?. Berikut cara menghitungnya.
• Volume pasangan dinding batu bata adalah 6 m x 3 m =18 m2
Data analisa harga satuan dapat dilihat dari kebutuhan batu bata per meter persegi yakni 70 bh.
• Setelah itu, anda kalikan 18 m2 x 70 bh = 1.260 buah batu bata.
• Jadi, untuk menyelesaikan sebuah pekerjaan tersebut, anda membutuhkan batu bata ukuran 5 cm x 10 cm x 20 cm2 berjumlah 1.260 buah.
Untuk menghitung kebutuhan semen dan pasir pada pekerjaan dinding bata juga dapat dihitung dengan rumus seperti diatas. Semoga artikel kali ini dapat membantu anda untuk menganalisa biaya material bangunan yang sedang anda kerjakan.
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